Highly efficient thickener
Product Classification:
belt filter press
Environmentally friendly equipment
Application Field
Working Principle
Advantages
1. Highly efficient separation, high productivity
Rapid flocculation and sedimentation:
- Use of highly effective flocculants, rapid aggregation of particles into flocs
- Floc sedimentation rate is tens to hundreds of times higher than that of individual particles
- Significant reduction in sedimentation time, increased processing efficiency
High productivity:
- The capacity of a single unit can reach several thousand cubic meters per day
- Adaptation to the needs of large-scale continuous production
- Meets the requirements of high-performance operations in mining, chemical, and other industries
Excellent separation effect:
- Thorough separation of solid and liquid phases, high concentration of underflow, clear overflow
- High solid recovery rate, reduced material loss
- High separation accuracy, meeting technological requirements
2. Increased concentration, reduced load on subsequent processes
High concentration underflow:
- Underflow concentration can reach 40-70%, significantly higher than conventional thickeners
- Rational design of compression zone, good thickening effect
- High solid content, convenient for subsequent processing
Reduced load on dewatering:
- Low moisture content in underflow, reducing workload on subsequent dewatering equipment
- Reduced processing pressure on filter presses, centrifuges, and other equipment
- Improved overall system efficiency
Cost savings in processing:
- Reduced investment and operating costs for dewatering equipment
- Lower energy consumption and reagent usage
- Shortened process, increased economic efficiency
3. Clean water, circular use
Excellent overflow water quality:
- Low suspended solids in overflow water, usually less than 50 mg/L
- Water is clear and clean, close to clean water standards
- Meets requirements for process water or discharge standards
High value of circular use:
- Clean overflow water can be directly reused in the production process
- Reduced fresh water addition, saving water resources
- Lower costs for water intake and wastewater discharge
Significant environmental benefits:
- Reduced wastewater discharge, decreased environmental pollution
- Compliance with environmental protection regulations
- Implementation of water resource recycling and sustainable development
4. Space saving, high efficiency in space utilization
High processing capacity per unit area:
- Use of highly efficient flocculation technology, high sedimentation rate
- Smaller equipment diameter for the same capacity
- Occupied area 30-50% less than traditional thickeners
Compact layout:
- Compact equipment design, high space utilization efficiency
- Adaptation to limited site conditions
- Reduced construction investment and site rental costs
Modular design:
- Flexible layout according to site conditions
- Convenient on-site installation and expansion
- Adaptation to production needs of various scales
5. Low energy consumption, economical operating costs
Use of gravitational sedimentation:
- Separation of solid and liquid phases mainly by gravity
- No need for high pump pressure or complex power systems
- Energy consumption significantly lower than pressure dewatering or centrifugation equipment
Low-power drive:
- Drive power of rakes is small, usually only a few kilowatts
- Slow rotation, low mechanical wear
- Low electricity consumption, economical operating costs
Reasonable reagent consumption:
- Accurate control of flocculant dosing
- Low reagent cost per unit of processing
- Optimized formulation, reduced reagent consumption
Low maintenance costs:
- Simple equipment design, few fast-wearing parts
- Low maintenance workload, convenient repair
- Long equipment service life, low overall costs
6. High automation, stability, and reliability
Fully automatic control:
- Equipped with PLC automatic control system
- Real-time monitoring of concentration, level, torque, and other parameters
- Automatic adjustment of reagent dosage, unloading speed, etc.
Intelligent control:
- Start and stop with one button, simple operation
- Automatic fault diagnosis and alarm
- Remote monitoring function, real-time control of operating status
Reduction of manual intervention:
- Continuous automatic operation, no maintenance personnel required
- Reduction of labor intensity and labor costs
- Improved work safety
Stable and reliable operation:
- Mature technology, reliable equipment
- Smooth equipment operation, low failure rate
- Ensuring production continuity, reducing losses from downtime
7. High adaptability, wide application
Applicability to various materials:
- Suitable for processing ore pulp, slime, sludge, and other materials
- Can process solid particles of various sizes and densities
- Widely used in mining, metallurgy, coal, chemical, environmental protection, and other industries
Flexible configuration:
- Various models can be selected depending on material properties
- Diameter from several meters to over one hundred meters
- Capacity from several to several thousand cubic meters per hour
Good technological adaptability:
- Can be used in conjunction with other technological equipment
- Adaptation to fluctuations in concentration and particle size of the loaded material
- Compliance with the requirements of various technological processes
Custom design:
- Providing targeted technical solutions
- Equipment design according to customer requirements
- Ensuring perfect equipment fit to site conditions
Working Principle
The high-efficiency thickener operates based on a combination of gravitational settling, flocculant aggregation, and compacting action. The working process consists of five key stages: reagent loading and dosing, flocculation reaction, gravitational settling, underflow discharge, and overflow clarification.
1. Reagent loading and dosing stage
Pulp intake:
- The processed ore pulp, slurry, or wastewater enters the thickener through the feed pipe.
- The feed pipe is located in the central feed well of the thickener.
- The concentration of the loaded material usually ranges from 5-15%.
Addition of flocculant:
- An automatic dosing device adds flocculant to the incoming pulp.
- Types of flocculants: polyacrylamide (PAM), polyaluminum chloride (PAC), etc.
- The reagent dose is automatically adjusted depending on the properties and concentration of the pulp.
Pre-mixing:
- Pulp and flocculant are pre-mixed in the feed well.
- The feed well is designed to stabilize the flow.
- It ensures uniform distribution of the pulp and creates conditions for flocculation.
2. Flocculation reaction stage
Complete contact:
- Pulp and flocculant come into full contact and react.
- Flocculant molecules adsorb onto the surface of solid particles.
- The surface charge of particles changes, reducing repulsion between them.
Floc formation:
- Small particles attract each other, collide, and stick together.
- Larger flocs (aggregates) are formed.
- Floc size can range from several millimeters to several centimeters.
Floc growth:
- Small flocs continue to adsorb surrounding fine particles.
- Flocs gradually increase in size and densify.
- Conditions are created for rapid settling.
3. Gravitational settling stage
Pulp distribution:
- Flocculated pulp overflows from the bottom of the feed well.
- Through a radial distribution device.
- It is evenly distributed throughout the volume of the thickener tank.
Settling zone zoning:
- Clarification zone (upper): clear water zone, transparent water.
- Settling zone (middle): area of slow floc settling.
- Compression zone (lower): area of floc compaction and thickening.
Gravitational settling process:
- Flocs have a density greater than water and settle under gravity.
- Settling velocity is significantly higher than that of individual fine particles.
- Flocs gradually settle to the bottom of the tank.
Rake assistance:
- The central drive slowly rotates the rakes (usually 0.05-0.5 rpm).
- The rakes slowly move the settled flocs toward the center.
- The rake teeth do not destroy the floc structure.
- They contribute to further compaction of the flocs.
4. Underflow discharge stage
Compaction of the lower layer:
- Settled flocs accumulate at the bottom of the tank.
- The weight of the upper layers compresses the lower layers.
- Pores between particles decrease, water is released.
Thickening process:
- Flocs in the compression zone are additionally compacted.
- Moisture decreases, solid phase concentration increases.
- Underflow concentration can reach 40-70%.
Movement by rakes:
- Rakes move the thickened material to the central discharge opening.
- They ensure continuous and stable underflow discharge.
- They prevent material compaction at the bottom of the tank.
Underflow discharge:
- The thickened high-concentration underflow is discharged through the central bottom discharge opening.
- It is discharged by an underflow pump or by gravity flow.
- The bottom discharge is sent to subsequent equipment for dewatering (filter press, centrifuge, etc.) or used directly
5. Stage of clarification of the upper discharge
Rising of clean water:
- After the settling of flocs, clarified clean water remains in the upper layer
- Clean water has a lower density and remains at the top of the tank
- A clear clarification zone is formed
Overflow device:
- A ring overflow weir is installed around the perimeter of the tank
- Clean water, upon reaching a certain level, overflows the weir
- The design of the weir ensures uniform overflow
Collection of clean water:
- The overflowed clean water flows into a ring overflow trough
- It is collected and diverted through the overflow pipeline
- Clean water can be reused or discharged according to standards
Water quality indicators:
- The content of suspended solids in the overflow water is low (usually <50 mg/l)
- The water is clear and clean
- It may meet the requirements for process water or discharge standards
Technical Parameters
model | Inner diameter of the concentrator (m) | Depth of the pool center (m) | Settling area (m²) | Grid rotation speed (r/min) | Harrow lift height (mm) | Processing volume (t/d) | Drive power (KW) |
N X Z-6 | 6 | 3~3.2 | 28 | 2.5~5 | 350 | 50~100 | 3 |
N X Z-9 | 9 | 3.5~3.8 | 63.6 | 3~5 | 350 | 120~175 | 3 |
N X Z-12 | 12 | 3.5~3.8 | 113 | 4~7 | 350 | 200~300 | 4 |
N X Z-15 | 15 | 4~4.5 | 176 | 5~10 | 450 | 350~400 | 5.5 |
N X Z-18 | 18 | 4~4.5 | 254 | 8~12 | 450 | 600~800 | 5.5 |
N X Z-20 | 20 | 4~4.5 | 314 | 8~12 | 450 | 800~1000 | 7.5 |
N X Z-24 | 24 | 4.5~5.5 | 450 | 9~12 | 450 | 1000~1300 | 7.5 |
N X Z-30 | 30 | 4.5~5.5 | 706 | 10~14 | 450 | 1500~1800 | 11 |
N X Z-38 | 38 | 6.5~8 | 1134 | 15~22 | 600 | 1800~2200 | 15 |
N X Z-40 | 40 | 6.5~8 | 1256 | 15~22 | 600 | 2200~2400 | 15 |
N X Z-45 | 45 | 6.5~8 | 1590 | 15~22 | 600 | 2400~2800 | 15 |
N X Z-53 | 53 | 6.5~8 | 2206 | 15~22 | 600 | 3000~3500 | 15 |
N X Z-60 | 60 | 7~8.5 | 2827 | 16~50 | 600 | 3500~5000 | 18.5 |
N X Z-75 | 75 | 8~10 | 4418 | 20~80 | 800 | 7500~10000 | 22 |
N X Z-100 | 100 | 8~10 | 7853 | 35~80 | 800 | 10000~15000 | 30 |
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