Six stages of operation:

1. Inflow of dust-laden gas

• Dust-laden gas is collected through pipelines or dust collectors
• A fan draws the gas into the dust collector
• Gas velocity is controlled at 5-15 m/s
• Gas enters the main chamber of the housing
• The flow distribution device ensures even distribution
• Prevents short-circuiting and flow deviation

2. High pressure and spraying

• The water pump draws water from the tank
• Increases pressure to 5-10 MPa
• Supplies the spraying system
• Multiple nozzles are located in the chamber
• Centrifugal or impact nozzles spray water
• Fine droplets of 10-100 microns are formed
• A huge amount of mist fills the chamber
• A dense spraying zone is formed

3. Complete contact of mist and dust

Inertial collision

• Large dust particles (>5 μm) have greater inertia
• When moving with the flow, they cannot change direction in time
• Directly collide with mist droplets and are captured

Interception

• Medium dust particles (1-5 μm)
• Trajectory intersects with mist droplets
• Captured by the mist

Diffusion

• Small dust particles (<1 μm)
• Perform Brownian motion
• Contact the mist and are captured

Condensation

• Mist wets the surface of dust particles
• Small particles coagulate with each other
• Larger particles are formed for settling

4. Adsorption, agglomeration, and settling

• Dust is wetted and enveloped by mist
• Surface tension of water is used
• Dust sticks to the surface of droplets
• Several dust particles agglomerate with the mist
• Larger droplets with dust of 100-500 microns diameter are formed
• Weight increases significantly
• Droplets with dust settle under gravity
• Settle at the bottom of the dust collector
• Enter the wastewater collector

5. Separation of gas and liquid

• Cleaned gas carries some mist
• Passes through a mist separator (deflector plate or mesh)
• Mist is intercepted and separated
• Gas flow changes direction multiple times
• Water droplets hit the separator due to inertia
• Flow back into the wastewater collector
• Gas humidity decreases after separation

6. Emission of cleaned gas

• Dust concentration in cleaned gas is 10-30 mg/m³
• Complies with national emission standards
• Released into the atmosphere through a chimney
• Wastewater with dust is collected in a settling tank
• Dust settles and separates
• Clarified liquid is reused
• Sediment is periodically removed